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Haykowsky MJ, Eves ND, Warburton DER, Findlay MJ (2003) Resistance exercise, the valsalva maneuver, and cerebrovascular transmural pressure. Haykowsky MJ, Findlay JM, Ignaszewski AP (1996) Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with weight training: three case reports. Hamner JW, Tan CO, Lee K et al (2010) Sympathetic control of the cerebral vasculature in humans. Hackett DA, Chow CM (2013) The valsalva maneuver: Its effect on intra-abdominal pressure and safety issues during resistance exercise. (76)90356-5įagoni N, Taboni A, Vinetti G et al (2017) Alveolar gas composition during maximal and interrupted apnoeas in ambient air and pure oxygen. a histochemical and pharmacological study. Įdvinsson L, Owman C, Sjöberg NO (1976) Autonomic nerves, mast cells, and amine receptors in human brain vessels. ĭevereux GR, Wiles JD, Swaine IL (2010) Reductions in resting blood pressure after 4 weeks of isometric exercise training. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 308:H1030–H1038. Ĭoverdale NS, Lalande S, Perrotta A, Shoemaker JK (2015) Heterogeneous patterns of vasoreactivity in the middle cerebral and internal carotid arteries. Ĭoverdale NS, Gati JS, Opalevych O et al (2014) Cerebral blood flow velocity underestimates cerebral blood flow during modest hypercapnia and hypocapnia. Ĭarlson DJ, Dieberg G, Hess NC et al (2014) Isometric exercise training for blood pressure management: a systematic review and meta-analysis. īaross AW, Wiles JD, Swaine IL (2012) Effects of the intensity of leg isometric training on the vasculature of trained and untrained limbs and resting blood pressure in middle-aged men.
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Īinslie PN, Hoiland RL (2014) Transcranial doppler ultrasound: valid, invalid, or both? J Appl Physiol 117:1081–1083. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 296:R1473–1495. These results indicate that during isometric exercise, a breath-hold enhances an exercise-induced increase in MAP and, consequently, MCA V mean and PCA V mean.Īinslie PN, Duffin J (2009) Integration of cerebrovascular CO 2 reactivity and chemoreflex control of breathing: Mechanisms of regulation, measurement, and interpretation. Moreover, the relative change in MAP from the baseline was correlated with that in both cerebral blood velocities during the BH (MCA V mean: r = 0.739, P < 0.001 and PCA V mean: r = 0.570, P = 0.009) and IHG–BH (MCA V mean: r = 0.755, P < 0.001 and PCA V mean: r = 0.617, P = 0.003) condition, but not the IHG condition ( P = 0.154 and P = 0.306). Similarly, both MCA V mean and PCA V mean were higher during IHG–BH compared with IHG and BH (all P < 0.001). MAP was elevated during the IHG–BH compared with IHG ( P < 0.001) and BH ( P = 0.001). Mean ABP (MAP) and blood velocity in the middle (MCA V mean) and posterior cerebral arteries (PCA V mean) were continuously measured throughout each protocol. Twenty healthy adults (15 men and five women) randomly performed only breath-hold without a Valsalva maneuver (BH), and an isometric handgrip exercise for 30 s at 40% of individual maximal voluntary contraction with continuous breathing (IHG) and with breath-hold without the Valsalva maneuver (IHG–BH).
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The present study examined the effect of breath-hold without a Valsalva maneuver during isometric exercise on arterial blood pressure (ABP) and cerebral blood flow (CBF).